大二英语第四学期

2.Spring festival is the most important festival in China. During Spring festival, people visit their relatives, sending their best wishes for a new year. Children are the happiest in spring festival. They will receive ____that contain money as new year presents. They can also play ____ and fireworks. What's more, they are given a lot of freedom, which they have dreamed of for a whole year. Questions:

After the spring festival we may suffer a series of post-holiday syndromes such as: stress; a sense of frustration, fatigue and how do you feel?

We walked through 2 years and this is the last term we will cooperate together, there is no English class anymore next term, how should you do?

We took an English exam last term , I thought all of us would get more than 90, but to my disappointment , some of us even

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failed it but I corrected your normal scoring which is not allowed in our school. So I though some of us didn’t take English seriously, how do you think of the phenomenon about your scoring last term which derived from our normal practice?

the next two years is the turning point in our college life, some of us have already set your goals and some of us still confused how to do and what to do ? how would you plan your following two years?

take part in the entrance exam for postgraduate schools? Prepare for the civil service exam?

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Enhance our personal comprehensive qualities are most important, such as social communicative ability, your professional quality which are needed for your later job-hunting and further study.

Keep informed of the current events and read more books, as for English, we should read more English magazines and newspapers.

Use one or two sentences to describe news you have got from your holiday. Or list something meaningful during your holiday except eating, going online, watching TV

Reading news

Shrug off holiday blues

导读：春节长假结束，白领和学生一族又将重返原有的生活

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状态，而这也让不少人吃不消，患上了节后综合症(post-holiday syndrome)。如何摆脱乏力、抑郁等症状呢？ Lu Wenfei, 22, is a senior student majoring in broadcasting and TV engineering at the Communication University of China. 22岁的陆文飞（音译）是中国传媒大学广播电视工程系的一名大四学生。

She enjoys chatting with her friends or playing Texas Hold ’em Poker on her iPad over this festive season. She plays all night and sleeps during the day.

今年春节期间，她在iPad上同朋友们聊天，打打―德州扑克‖，过得不亦乐乎。她总是玩个通宵，然后白天睡觉。 ―I like to put everything out of my mind when I have a chance to relax,‖ said the student from Shanghai. ―However, I find myself more exhausted and flat than when I’m studying hard on campus.‖

家住上海的陆文飞表示：―一旦有机会放松一下，我就喜欢把所有东西都抛到脑后去。但我发现自己比在学校用功学习时还要筋疲力尽，没精打采。‖

With half of her holiday gone, Lu suffered a series of common post-festival syndromes: stress, fatigue and a sense of frustration.

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随着假期已经过去一半的光景，陆文飞开始出现一系列常见的节后综合症症状：压力、疲乏以及挫败感。

Exhausted and a bit concerned about her graduate project and finding a job, Lu fell ill with a fever.

疲惫不堪再加上有些担心自己的毕业设计和求职状况，陆文飞最终病倒了，高烧不退。

Lots of college students are hit by anxiety and depression before a new academic session. Too many parties, gaming and fat eating is exhausting. Sina.com has reported that some training agencies have offered tutorial service to help the youth to shift from ―holiday mode‖ to ―study mode‖. 每个新学期开始前，总是有很多学生遭受焦虑与抑郁的打击。没完没了的聚会、玩乐再加上油腻的饮食，这些都令人疲惫不堪。新浪网报道称，一些培训机构已经开始向年轻人提供相关的指导服务，帮助他们从―假日模式‖转化到―学习模式‖。

Zhang Sheng, 19, a freshman at Nanjing University has already begun to develop a phobia(恐惧,厌恶) at the thought of returning.

南京大学大一新生，19岁的张盛（音译）一想到返校便会心生恐惧。

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He has yet to open any of the books on the recommended reading list, not to mention write any English journals. 到目前为止，推荐书目上他一本书都没有读过，更别提去写什么英文日记了。

He also had a headache over a dozen hard subjects on the new semester’s curriculum.

新学期课表上一些艰深的课程也令他头疼不已。

He wonders how he can throw off his lethargic leˈθɑ:dʒik]无精打采的 holiday mood. He is right into watching live English Premier League soccer until 3 or 4 o’clock in the morning, or following the popular British teen drama, Skins. ―I have to pull myself out of that state,‖ he said.

他想知道怎样才能摆脱掉无精打采的节日情绪。现在他每天都要收看英超联赛现场直播直到凌晨三四点钟，或者追看英国热播的青春剧《皮囊》。他说：―我必须让自己脱离这种状态。‖

However, some students feel better about a return to study. Zhao Shumeng, 23, a journalism major from Peking University has a well thought-out plan for the rest of her holiday. 然而也有一些学生对于重返校园感觉还不错。23岁赵舒萌

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（音译）就读于北京大学新闻学专业，她深思熟虑后为剩下的假期制定了一系列计划。

She plans to immerse herself in preparing for an incoming discussion of a group project. ―It would be too late if I try to get a grip on everything at the start of the semester.‖

她计划全心备战接下来一项团队设计的讨论。―如果我在新学期开学后才开始投入其中，那就太晚了。‖

Li Wei is a director in charge of students’ administration work at the School of Foreign Language Studies at Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University.

李炜是浙江大学宁波理工学院外语学院主管学生管理工作的负责人。

He suggests that young people ease themselves out of the holiday mood at least a week before the start of term.

他建议年轻人在新学期前，至少提前一周时间来摆脱假期情绪。

―You could go to a local library or bookstore or you could contact your study buddies at university,‖ he said. ―It’s most important to make plans.‖

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他表示：―你可以到当地的图书馆或书店，或者也可以同大学里的学习伙伴取得联系。最关键的是要制定计划。‖ His advice is echoed by Yu Baolong, a teacher of students’ work at Nanjing Medical University. He emphasizes adjusting your biological clock back to normal as early possible and not leaving it to the final day or two of your holiday. ―Imagine what you want to do next year, and draw a timetable, the more specific the better,‖ said Yu.

李炜的建议得到南京医科大学主抓学生工作的教师于宝龙（音译）的赞同，他强调要尽早将自己的生物钟调整回正常状态，不要拖到假期最后的一两天。于老师表示：―想好你接下来一年都要做些什么，拟制一份时间表，越具体越好。‖

Love is in the air, so is marriage Valentine's Day in this auspicious Year of the Dragon has couples across China stepping forward to give each other not only flowers and chocolates, but also the promise of lifelong love.

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Civil affairs officials in Beijing estimate that 4,000 couples will marry on Valentine's Day, and their Shanghai counterparts are expecting 2,000.

According to marriage registration website of the Beijing municipal civil affairs bureau, about 1,400 prospective newlyweds have made appointments to register their marriage in the bureau offices of six urban districts in Beijing - almost twice the number of last year.

In Haidian district alone, more than 370 appointments were made for the day, compared with 26 on Feb 15, according to the Beijing municipal marriage and adoption registration services website.

In Shanghai, the civil affairs offices in Pudong, Putuo, Yangpu and other districts and counties were already fully booked as of the weekend.

\"The booking surge on Valentine's Day is associated with this being the Year of the Dragon, which is preferred by newlyweds,\" said Zhou Jixiang, head of marriage registration department in Shanghai municipal civil affairs bureau.

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3.Scoring: normal performance(homework preparation and answers

to

my

questions

during

make

the a

class)+attendance+presentation( 2-3students

presentation each week, the one who is called hasn’t prepared would get 0, and there isn’t any chance in the later class)+group behavior+online work

Presentation topics for 16 weeks Second week : What I have lived for?

3. A battle between dream and reality

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4. 商业行贿

商业行贿

构思点拨

上图表现的是在―尚方宝剑‖严惩的威严下，一位从事商业贿赂的人落荒而逃。不言而喻，这幅图反映的是当今一种比较猖獗的社会现象：商业贿赂。深层次来讲，就是道德问题、责任问题。本文的内容和结构安排如下：

第一段：描述图画；第二段：从两个角度分析影响+分析动机；第三段：建议措施。 思维拓展

此类文章可以展开的角度有：金钱观，商业道德建设、职业道德建设，公平竞争。相似的图片比比皆是。请参考下图：

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参考图片

高分范文

There is no doubt that this cartoon vividly depicts a negative but rampant scenario in modern society: commercial bribery. Frightened by the sharp punishment sword, the man, carrying a large pile of money used as bribery①, is trying his best to escape. What is conveyed by the drawing is both realistic and thought-provoking。

The implication of the given picture can be elaborated in terms of the decline of work-moral values and the view on money. For one thing, commercial bribery has a very damaging and destructive② effect on the whole society. Firstly, moral deficiencies as well as the humanity weakness revealed in the action of bribery③ may stain and pollute the atmosphere of professional ethics and cause others to copy. Secondly, fair competition may be threatened because bribery puts honest

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businessmen at a disadvantaged position. For another, the bad behavior of commercial bribery is largely driven by ―profit‖， showing that those people who are involved in bribery do not have a right view on money. It is true that money is

indispensable④, but, there is no denying that money should be obtained and spent in a reasonable, wise and legitimate way。 To eliminate the immoral behavior of bribery thoroughly⑤, drastic actions should be taken and severe punishment measures should be adopted. Besides, a positive mental guidance on the right attitude to money should be popularized among the public. Only in this way can we have a fair and sound social environment。 5.城市交通

城市交通

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思路点拨

此图片描述的是一幅交通堵塞的场景。图片中，车一辆接着一辆地堵在街上，各种抱怨声不断。毫无疑问，这幅图反映的是城市交通的压力问题。同时，汽车过多就意味着尾气排放过多，所以这幅图同时又反映了环保和低碳问题。 第一段：描述图画；第二段：分析交通堵塞给人和环境带来的影响；第三段：建议措施。 思维拓展

建议措施部分，还可以从如下角度提出：

呼吁：投资完善基础设施、继续坚持限行的制度。 倡导低碳出行：步行、骑自行车。

倡导理智选择城市：人全部拥挤在大城市带来的负面影响。

高分范文

How horrible the traffic is! The picture depicts a scenario of a terrible traffic jam in the street. In fact, the traffic jam is so heavy that it is more of a parking lot than a crowded street①. Anxious passengers cannot take buses because there are few buses. Instead, the street is filled with too many private cars。

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Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays. With the number of private cars increasing②, traffic jams in metropolitans are bound to happen. Heavy transportation pressure in large cities may bring much inconvenience to people and exert negative impacts on the environment. On the one hand, when traffic jam happens, short distance in the past now seems to become terribly long, and drivers could do nothing but to wait. Therefore, a lot of precious time has been wasted on the road. On the other hand, exhausted gas emitted by cars③ has increased the burden of environment and caused carbon emission, which has diverted from the concept of living a low carbon life。

Therefore, effective measures should be taken to alleviate the traffic jam. Firstly, taxes levied on the sales of private cars④ should be raised so as to restrict private car ownership rate. Secondly, public transportation such as buses and subways, which are low-carbon transportation means, should be encouraged and promoted so that we can have a smooth transportation。 佳作妙译

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交通状况真是一团糟！这幅漫画描述了街上糟糕的交通堵塞的场景。实际上，交通堵塞严重到了一定程度，与其说这是一条拥挤的街道，还不如说这是一个停车场。焦急的乘客等不到数量稀少的公交车，而私家车却到处都是。 虽然这幅图有点夸张，但是当今这种现象并不罕见。私家车的增多必然产生大城市交通堵塞。大城市沉重的交通压力会给人民生活带来不便，也会对环境造成负面影响。一方面，一旦发生堵车，原来很近的路程似乎变得十分漫长，除了等没有别的办法，大量的宝贵时间被浪费在路上。另一方面，汽车排放的尾气更增加了环境的负担、导致了碳排放，这和低碳生活的理念相违背。

因此，应该采取有效措施缓解严重的交通堵塞问题。第一，通过提高税费私家车拥有率(保有量)。第二，应该鼓励和推广低碳的公交车、地铁等公共交通工具，以便我们拥有更顺畅的交通。

The golden age of motoring is over 西方进入后汽车时代

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导读：当中国正在为世界第一大汽车王国这个名号而感到骄傲时，西方已经开始反思汽车文化，倡导绿色出行(green travel)。西方后汽车时代已悄然而临。而我们离后汽车时代还有多远？

Liz Parle, 24, a Birmingham-born café owner, cannot drive. ―I did try to learn, but I failed my test a few times,‖ Parle told the Guardian.

24岁的丽兹•帕尔乐是土生土长的伯明翰人，经营着一家咖啡馆，不会开车的她告诉《卫报》记者：―我曾经尝试学习开车，但是几次考试都没通过。‖

Then she moved to London, where running a car can be a nightmare, so now she cycles everywhere.

随后她移居伦敦，在那里开车就如同噩梦一般，所以她现在到哪儿都骑着自行车。

Parle is by no means atypical. According to the Guardian, in the UK, the percentage of 17- to 20-year-olds with driving licenses fell from 48 percent in the early 1990s to 35 percent last year. 帕尔乐绝不是个特例。根据《卫报》的报道， 在英国，17-20岁年龄段持有驾照的人口比例从上世界90年代初期的48%缩减到去年的35%。

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Meanwhile, road traffic figures for cars and taxis, which have risen more or less every year since 1949, have continued to fall since 2007.

同时，自1949年之后每年或多或少都在增长的道路交通数据也从2007年以后持续下降。

Motoring groups put it down to oil prices and the economy. Others offer a more fundamental explanation: the golden age of motoring is over.

汽车公司们将一切归因于油价和经济状况。另一些人则给出了最根本的解释：汽车的黄金时代终结了。

―The way we run cars is changing fast,‖ Tim Pollard, associate editor at Car magazine, told the Telegraph, ―Car manufacturers are worried that younger people in particular don’t aspire to own cars like we used to in the 70s, 80s, or even the 90s. Designers commonly say that teenagers today aspire to own the latest smart phone more than a car.‖

―我们开车的方式正在飞速转变中，‖《汽车杂志》副主编蒂姆•珀拉德告诉《每日电讯报》记者说，―汽车制造商尤其担心现在的年轻人不会再像七八十年代甚至九十年代时我们那样，渴望拥有一辆汽车。设计师普遍认同当今的青少年更渴望拥有最新款智能手机而不是一辆汽车。‖

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As technology companies try to keep pace with the iPhone generation, Pollard says carmakers are also coming to terms with less possessive buyers. This has led to a different kind of ownership and the increase of rental schemes.

珀拉德表示，就像科技公司设法去适应iPhone 一代一样，，汽车厂商也不得不接受购车客户减少这一事实。这已经催生了一种新的车辆所有权，并导致租车公司数量的增长。 ―Peugeot, for instance, has launched a European project called Mu,‖ Pollard said. ―You become a member and can then rent whichever Peugeot best suits your mobility needs that day.‖ ―例如法国标致汽车在欧洲启动了一个名为Mu的项目，‖ 珀拉德说道。―只要成为会员，你便可以租到最适合你驾驶需求的标致汽车了。‖

That means you can borrow a van to move house at the weekend. Then get into a 308 for the school run, Monday to Friday. Then hop into an electric car to scoot silently around town. Then borrow a Peugeot bicycle to cycle to the pub in the evening. 那就意味着你可以在周末租借一辆货车来搬家，然后周一至周五驾驶标志308汽车去上学。接下来坐进一辆电动汽车在镇上到处漫游，再然后租一辆标志自行车，夜晚时骑车去酒吧。

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―It’s an attempt to second-guess how we’ll run cars in the future, and a pilot scheme at present, but you can do this today in London. Other car manufacturers are studying similar ideas,‖ Pollard said.

―尽管我们试图预测人类未来的驾车方式，这在当前还只是一个试验性计划，但在现在的伦敦你就可以做。其他的汽车制造商也都在研究类似的构想。‖ 珀拉德说道。 David Metz is a visiting professor at the University College London’s Center for Transport Studies. He said underpinning all these innovations and ideas is what he sees as a major behavioral shift among the generation of ―digital natives‖. 大卫•麦兹是伦敦大学学院交通运输研究中心的客座教授。他表示，在自己看来，巩固这些创新和构想正是发生在―数码人一代‖身上的重大行为转变。

―They don’t care about owning things. Possession is a burden, and a car is a big investment for most people–not just the vehicle, but the permits, the parking space,‖ he told the Guardian.

―他们不在乎拥有一些东西。占有是一种负担，而汽车对于多数人来说是一项大投资—不仅仅是汽车本身，还存在牌照和停车位问题。‖他告诉《卫报》记者。

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And a survey conducted by the British Department of Transport earlier this year supports what Metz said. The survey showed that the proportion of men in their 30s who drive has remained steady, while twentysomethings appear to be putting off getting behind the wheel until it’s absolutely necessary.

今年年初英国交通部所做的一项调查证实了麦兹的观点。调查显示30来岁的开车男士人数比例保持稳定，然而二十多岁的年轻人似乎决定将开车这一问题推迟延后，除非是万不得已。

―It’s not just about the cost,‖ Metz said. ―Other factors that are more speculative are that there are more people in higher education, which typically takes place in urban centers where the car isn’t part of the mix. Then people stay on in these urban centers.‖

―这不只是花费问题，‖麦兹说道。―更值得深思的因素则是越来越多的人接受高等教育，同时他们读书的地点一般都在市中心，而汽车跟这两者都不搭边。人们就选择继续呆在市中心。‖

Metz added there’s nothing wrong with wanting a little house in the country, and a car to get you to and from it. Yet there is something reckless in restricting new buildings to a particular

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form of transport, especially if that form of transport shows signs of decline.

麦兹还表示，想拥有一座乡间小屋和一辆可以载你出入的车辆，这本没什么问题。但是将新房子于一种特殊交通形式中，这就多少有些草率了，特别是这种交通方式正显示出减退的趋势。

―There’s this idea of a green metropolis, where land values are high so there’s less space to heat, and where electric vehicles are viable, because the trips taken are shorter,‖ Metz said.

―这是一个关于绿色都市的理念。那里地值高昂因此停车空间有限，而又因为路程较短，所以驾驶电动汽车在那里是切实可行的。‖麦兹说道。

―If we’re living in a world that is urbanizing globally, this is worth considering.‖

―如果我们生活在一个全球城市化的世界里，这个问题值得思考。‖

6. Food Safety 食品安全 提纲：

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1、食品安全事件不断发生所以近年来越来越受到关注； 2、它造成巨大的危害； 3、我们该如何做？

危害：1、浪费资源；2、对诚信经营是打击，产生道德危机；3、严重危害群众的健康和生命。

对策：1、法律；2、识别；3、加强监管。

Nowadays, unsafe foods can be found, now and then, in the market, which has aroused a lot of public attention. It is reported that these foodstuff ranges from substandard milk powder, tainted/dyed steamed buns to pork with lean meat powder. Fake commodities are harmful in many ways. To begin with, it is a waste of resource, especially in our country. Second, it has bad effect on the reputation of the real manufacturers and brings about moral Crisis. Above all, all that matters is food.people’s health and lives are severely threatened if someone buys some unsafe foodstuff.

Measures should be take to deal with the problem. On the one hand , strict laws should be passed to punish the producers and the sellers. On the other hand, consumers should be told to

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distinguish the genuine goods from the false ones. At the same time, the government should strengthen the supervision of all aspects of food. I firmly believe this problem will be solved in the near future.

7. live in big and prosperous city or the second or third-tier cities after graduation? 参考资料：

Hometown grads return to cities 大学毕业生重返“北上广”

导读：―逃离北上广‖曾一度成为大城市大学毕业生们的口头禅，甚至已经发展成一种社会现象。而如今迫于种种外在因素(extrinsic factors)，毕业生们不得不重新回到大城市就业。 When he followed travelers surging out of Beijing Railway Station after this year’s national holiday, He Yuzhang released a long breath in the familiar cool weather: he was finally back. 今年国庆长假结束后，当何玉璋(音译)跟随其他旅客一起从北京火车站涌出来时，面对这熟悉而凉爽的天气，他长舒了一口气：终于回来了。

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He, 26, who graduated in accountancy from Beijing Forestry University in 2008, left the capital city to go to his hometown of Panjin in Liaoning last summer. By then, he could no longer tolerate Beijing’s soaring housing prices, deteriorating air quality, and packed subway carriages.

26岁的何玉璋2008年毕业于北京林业大学会计系。去年夏天，由于忍受不了北京飞涨的房价、不断恶化的空气质量以及拥挤的地铁，他离开北京回到了家乡辽宁盘锦。 He is now in Beijing again after a year’s absence. He said: ―In my hometown, I discovered it was hard to find anything in common with former friends. I cannot figure out the complicated network of social relationships.‖

一年之后，何玉璋又重新回到了北京。他说：―在家乡，我发现很难在自己和从前的朋友间找到共同点。我弄不清楚那些复杂的社会关系网。‖

His illusions about living in a small city burst like bubbles. He’s experience is not unusual. Many young employees or college grads, who successfully fled the big cities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou are streaming back. 他对于小城生活的幻想就像泡沫一样破灭了。而他这种经历

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并不少见。许多成功逃离―北上广‖等大城市的年轻职员或高校毕业生正在逐渐回流。

Thousands returned to their hometowns complaining about the woes of living in big cities such as rising rents, fierce competition at work and the harsh environment.

但在小城市生活也存在许多弊端。根据腾讯微博于本月初进行的一项调查显示，大约有68%的参与者支持返回大城市这项决定。

But living in smaller cities also has drawbacks. According to a survey on website, conducted early this month, about 68 percent of those asked support the decision to return to big cities. 据主流媒体分析，主要是以下挫折将这些年轻人重新推入大城市的怀抱：二、三线城市中，以权势为基础的紧密群体，娱乐活动的缺乏以及逐渐增高的生活费用。

Mainstream media has analyzed the major frustrations that push young people back: the powerful tight knit group of people, the lack of recreational activities as well as rising living costs in the second or third-tier cities.

而就业机会的缺乏依旧是关键劣势所在。中国社科院社会学研究所研究员张毅(音译)表示：―相比于一线大都市，二、三

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线城市因为城市规模有限，所以能够提供给年轻人的热门职位也较少。‖

On Tencent’s micro blog website, the participants in the survey revealed that income in their hometown was low but living costs were still high.

―同时，一线大都市更加开放和包容，吸收精英人才的能力也更强。‖

The lack of career opportunities remains a key downside. Zhang Yi, a researcher at the Institute of Sociology in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said: ―Compared with metropolises, second and third-tier cities provide fewer attractive positions for young people because of their limited size.

文化的缺乏是另一个问题。比如，何玉璋说他的家乡的同辈人更倾向于将幸福与物质财富(比如房产)等同起来，而不太在乎一本新书或戏剧。

―At the same time, the metropolises are more open and tolerant, and have greater capability in absorbing talent.‖

清华大学社会学教授孙立平(音译)表示，大城市的公众监督和激烈的市场竞争保证了更加透明和公平的社会体系。―你不

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能用幕后的商业手段。在大城市这样做的代价十分巨大。‖他说。

The lack of culture is another issue. For instance, He Yuzhang says peers in his hometown are prone to equate happiness with material wealth such as housing, but care little about a new book or theater play.

而回归之路也是十分艰辛的。5月份进行的人口普查结果显示，北京市1960万人口中有700万是外地人口，占人口总数的35.9%，相比2000年18.9%的比重将近翻了一倍。 Sun Liping, a sociology professor in Tsinghua University says that public supervision and fierce market competition in the bigger cities ensure a more transparent and fair social system. ―You cannot afford to use underhand business methods. The price is too high in big cities,‖ said Sun.

在广州，1270万的人口中有476万来自外地，比例达到37.5%，较2000年的33.3%呈上涨趋势。

But the road back is also tough. The demographic census results in May showed that about 7 million of 19.6 million people in Beijing come from outside, taking up 35.9 percent of the population, a jump from 18.9 percent in 2000.

可以肯定的是，前往大城市生活的人们今后将会面临更多的

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挑战，专家们已经指出，部门已开始试图通过更加严厉的车房限购措施来控制外来人口的增长。

In Guangzhou, the figure is 4.76 million of 12.7 million people. The proportion is 37.5 percent, increasing from 33.3 percent in 2000.

对于大城市，是去是留？这个问题并没有标准答案。―这需要考虑到你的能力、性格以及家庭因素。‖孙教授说。 It is certain that people who move to the metropolis will face more challenges in the future, as experts point out that the government has tried to control population growth by introducing more stringent measures in apartment or car purchases.

他建议大学生们可以在大城市和自己家乡都申请一份实习工作来做。这样一来，他们便可以找到自己喜欢的生活方式：大城市的繁忙节奏，亦或是小城市的紧密团体。

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