(英语)高考英语完形填空夹叙夹议题20套(带答案)及解析

一、高中英语完形填空夹叙夹议

1．阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One day when I was about nine years old, I ran into my mother's bedroom and opened the dresser(化妆台). Then in the top drawer(抽屉) was a small 1 jewelry box. I was fascinated by its treasures. Then I saw there was something 2 under a piece of cloth. 3 the cloth, I found a little white chip (碎片) of china. Why did my mother keep such a 4 thing? Shining slightly in the light, it 5 no answers.

Some months later, I was setting the dinner table when my neighbor Marge knocked at the door. Coming in and 6 the table, Marge said, “Oh, you are expecting company(客人). I'll 7 another time.\"

“No, come on in,” Mum replied. “We are not 8 anyone.”

“But isn't that your good china?” Marge asked. “I'd 9 trust kids to handle my good dishes!”

Mum laughed. “Tonight's my family's favorite meal. If you set your best table for a(n) 10 meal with guests, why not for your own 11 ? A few broken plates are a small 12 to pay for the joy we get. ” Then she added, “ 13 , every chip and crack has a story to tell.” Mum went to the cupboard and took down a plate. She said, “Seeing this 14 on the edge(边缘) here? It happened when I was 17.”

Her voice 15 . “One day my brother invited a young man to dinner and sat him next to me. I was so 16 that when I took the plate, it 17 and knocked against the fork. As the young man was leaving, he 18 a piece of broken china in my hand without saying a word.”

I couldn't forget about that plate with the 19 chip. I went up to take out the little wooden jewelry box again. I examined the chip 20 . The chip which my mother had saved with care belonged to the plate she broke on the day she met my father. 1. A. silver 2. A. hidden 4. A. broken 5. A. found 7. A. set by 8. A. inviting 9. A. always 11. A. family 12. A. value

B. gold B. unpaid B. real

C. china C. removed C. Seeking C. beautiful

D. wooden D. fixed D. Lifting D. valuable D. selected D. stand by D. regularly D. ancestor D. price

3. A. Covering B. Tearing

B. invented C. offered B. sit by

C. stop by

6. A. glaring at B. glancing at C. looking on D. spying on

B. expecting C. consulting D. celebrating B. sometimes C. never B. relative B. mistake

C. neighbor C. news

C. unbelievable D. special

10. A. common B. strange

13. A. However B. Though 14. A. break

B. scene

C. Besides C. spot C. surprised C. slipped C. examined

D. Otherwise D. design D. pleased D. left D. covered D. proudly

15. A. hardened B. softened C. sharpened D. weakened 16. A. nervous B. anxious 17. A. jumped B. escaped 18. A. threw

B. laid

19. A. replaced B. penniless C. remaining D. missing 20. A. secretly B. carefully C. gratefully

【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）D；（13）C；（14）A；（15）B；（16）A；（17）C；（18）B；（19）D；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者偶然发现了母亲珍藏的瓷器碎片，感受到了母爱以及父母之间的美好爱情，这让作者感到温暖。

（1）考查形容词。A. silver“银的”；B. gold“金的”；C. china“瓷制的”；D. wooden“木制的”。根据上下文可判断，盒子应该是木制的。故选D。

（2）考查形容词。A. hidden“隐藏的”；B. unpaid“未付款的”；C. removed“远离的”；D. fixed“固定的”。作者看见布下面藏着东西。故选A。

（3）考查动词。A. Covering“覆盖”；B. Tearing“撕开”；C. Seeking“寻找”；D. Lifting“提起”。根据语境可知，此处是指将那块布拿起来。故选D。

（4）考查形容词。A. broken“坏掉的”；B. real“真的”；C. beautiful“美丽的”；D. valuable“有价值的”。根据上文“I found a little white chip (碎片) of china.”可知，作者是想知道妈妈为什么保留这些瓷器碎片，故选A。

（5）考查动词。A. found“发现”；B. invented“发明”；C. offered“提供”；D. selected“挑选”。碎片在灯光下微微一闪，它没有回答。故选C。

（6）考查动词词组。A. glaring at“怒目而视”；B. glancing at“扫视”；C. looking on“观看，旁观”；D. spying on“刺探”。邻居走进来，匆忙地看了一眼桌子就想离开。故选B。 （7）考查动词词组。A. set by“搁在一旁”；B. sit by“坐视不管”；C. stop by“顺便访问”；D. stand by“准备”。“哦，您有客人来，那我下次再来。”故选C。

（8）考查动词。A. inviting“邀请”；B. expecting“期待”；C. consulting“咨询”；D. celebrating“庆祝”。上文邻居用了expecting—词，这里与之呼应。故选B。

（9）考查副词。A. always“总是”；B. sometimes“有时候”；C. never“从来没有”；D. regularly“有规律地”。邻居说自己从不让孩子碰自己好的餐具。故选C。

（10）考查形容词。A. common“常见的”；B. strange“奇怪的”；C. unbelievable“难以置信的”；D. special“特殊的”如果你为客人准备了一顿特别的晚餐，为什么不为你自己的家人准备呢?。special—词与句中guests对应。故选D。

（11）考查名词。A. family“家人”；B. relative“亲戚”；C. neighbor“邻居”；D. ancestor“祖先”。如果你为客人准备了一顿特别的晚餐，为什么不为你自己的家人准备呢?此处family与句中guests对应。故选A。

（12）考查名词。A. value“价值”；B. mistake“错误”；C. news“新闻”；D. price“价格”。几个

破碎的盘子对于我们得到的快乐来说是一个很小的代价。故选D。

（13）考查副词。A. However“然而”；B. Though“尽管”；C. Besides“另外”；D. Otherwise“否则”。另外，每个缺口和裂缝都有自己的故事。故选C。

（14）考查名词。A. break“裂缝”；B. scene“场面”；C. spot“地点”；D. design“设计”。妈妈从橱柜里拿出一个盘子让“我们”看边缘的裂缝。故选A。

（15）考查动词。A. hardened“变硬”；B. softened“变温和”；C. sharpened“变锋利”；D. weakened“变弱”。妈妈沉浸在回忆中，声音变得温和了。故选B。

（16）考查形容词。A. nervous“紧张不安的”；B. anxious“焦虑的”；C. surprised“感到吃惊的”；D. pleased“感到高兴的”。妈妈当时很紧张。故选A。

（17）考查动词。A. jumped“跳跃”；B. escaped“逃脱”；C. slipped“滑离，滑落”；D. left“离开”。盘子滑落撞到了叉子，这与下文的knocked against意思一致。故选C。

（18）考查动词。A. threw“扔掉”；B. laid“放置”；C. examined“检查”；D. covered“覆盖”。年轻人离开时把一块碎片放在妈妈手里，什么都没说。故选B。

（19）考查形容词。A. replaced“被替换的”；B. penniless“身无分文的”；C. remaining“剩下的”；D. missing“失去的，丢失的”。根我无法忘记那个缺碎片的盘子。故选D。

（20）考查副词。A. secretly“秘密地”；B. carefully“仔细地”；C. gratefully“充满感激地”；D. proudly“骄傲地”。作者仔细检查了那块碎片。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A young man had a traffic accident and got his arms removed. He had to 1 his brother, who stayed with him for years. Except for 2 with his toes, the man could do nothing else. However, one day his brother 3 with him and went away, 4 him heartbroken and at a loss what to do.

5 , an accident befell (降临) a girl. One night the stove in her kitchen was overturned, resulting in a fire which took her 6 away. Having 7 her sister's offer to help her, she determined to be 8 . She tried 9 and soon learned to be self-reliant. “Though my wings are broken, my 10 can still fly,” she wrote in her diary.

One day, the young man and the girl were both 11 to a TV talk-show program. The man told the hostess about his 12 future, while the girl was full of enthusiasm (热情)for life. They were both 13 to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy: My 14 arms are my arms. The girl: Broken wings, flying hearts.

They had both 15 the same sufferings, but their different 16 determined the nature of their lives. Unexpected disasters can happen at any time. How you 17 the disaster is the true test of your character. If you choose to complain or escape, difficulties will 18 wherever you go. However, if you choose to be 19 , difficulties will turn out to be a fortune on which new 20 will arise. 1. A. look after

B. believe in

C. bring up

D. rely on

2. A. walking 3. A. argued 4. A. leave 5. A. Suddenly 6. A. feet 8. A. confident 9. A. hard 10. A. freedom 11. A. invited 12. A. uncertain 14. A. sister's 16. A. results 17. A. deal with 18. A. leave 19. A. calm

B. writing B. shared B. left B. hands B. free B. luck B. called B. great B. brother's B. actions B. get along B. change B. careful

C. exercising C. to leave C. happiness C. ignored

D. playing D. leaving D. Actually D. goals D. refused D. directly D. heart D. sent D. unbelievable D. persuaded D. teacher's D. set down D. experiences D. turn to D. carry D. rewards

C. communicated D. discussed

B. Unexpectedly C. Similarly

7. A. appreciated B. enjoyed

C. independent D. honest C. idea C. allowed C. successful C. asked C. friend's C. attitudes C. come up C. follow C. situations

B. effortlessly C. easily

13. A. commanded B. ordered

15. A. made use of B. gone through C. joined in

C. understanding D. strong

20. A. challenges B. hopes

【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）B；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）A；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）B；（16）C；（17）A；（18）C；（19）D；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文通过两个都因为事故失去双手的有着相似经历的人选择的不同的生活态度进行对比说明人生实际是人们的一种选择，如果选择逃避，困难就会伴随着你，如果选择坚强，那么希望会随之而来。

(1) 句意：一个年轻人遇到车祸，手臂被截肢了，他不得不依靠的他兄弟和他一起共住多年。A.look after照看；B.believe in信任；C.bring up抚养；D.rely on依靠。失去双臂，当然“依靠”别人，故答案为D。

(2) 句意：除了用脚趾写字之外，他什么都做不了。A.walking走；B.writing写； C.exercising锻炼；D.playing玩耍；根据下文可知他用脚指头写字，故答案为B。

(3)句意：然而，一天，他的兄弟和他争吵，离开了。A.argued争论；B.shared分享；C.communicated交流；通讯；D.discussed讨论；根据常识可知因为“争吵”才导致离开，故答案为A。

(4)句意：使他很伤心，不知道该怎么办。此处作状语，表示必然的结果，所以用现在分词，故答案为D。

(5)句意：与此相似，一场事故降临在一个女孩身上。A.Suddenly突然；B.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；C.Similarly相似地；D.Actually实际上。表示这个女孩与上文提到的那个年轻人的情况很相似，故答案为C。

(6)句意：一天晚上，她的厨房里的炉子翻了，导致一场大火，夺走了她的双手。A.feet

脚；B.hands手；C.happiness幸福；D.goals目标；由下文可知她失去了双手，故答案为B。

(7)句意：拒绝了她的姐姐的帮助，她决定自立。A.appreciated感激；欣赏；B.enjoyed喜欢；C.ignored忽视；不理会；D.refused拒绝；根据下文的 be self-reliant可知她没有接受姐姐的帮助，故答案为D。

(8)句意：他决定自立。A.confident 自信的； B.free自由的；C.independent的；D.honest诚实的；根据下文的 be self-reliant，故答案为C。

(9)句意：她努力，很快学会了自立。A.hard努力地；B.effortlessly不费力地；C.easily 容易地；D.directly直接地；失去双手而又能在很短时间学会自立，当然很努力，故答案为A。 (10)句意：虽然我的翅膀断了，我的心亿人能飞翔。A.freedom自由；B.luck运气；C.idea注意；D.heart心；根据句意，故答案为D。

(11)句意：一天，年轻人和女孩都被邀请去参加一个电视节目。A.invited邀请；B.called打电话；叫； C.allowed允许；D.sent送；参加节目当然需要“邀请”，故答案为A。 (12)句意：年轻人告诉女主持人他的不确定的未来，然而女孩对生活充满了热情。A.uncertain不确定的；B.great很棒的；C.successful成功的；D.unbelievable难以置信地。while构成对比，与女孩的“充满热情”对比，男孩当然对生活没有信心，故答案为A。 (13)句意：他们都被邀请用脚趾在纸上写点东西。A.commanded命令；B.ordered命令；订购；C.asked请；问；D.persuaded说服；ask sb to do sth请某人做某事，故答案为C。 (14)句意：男孩写道：我的兄弟是我的手臂。A.sister's姐妹的；B.brother's兄弟的； C.friend's朋友的； D.teacher's老师的；根据上文他的兄弟照顾他多年可知，故答案为B。 (15)句意：他们都经历了相同的苦难，但是不同的态度决定了他们生活的性质。A.made use of利用；B.gone through经历；C.joined in参加；D.set down放下；记下；根据句意，故答案为B。

(16)句意：但是不同的态度决定了他们生活的性质。A.results结果；B.actions行动；C.attitudes态度；D.experiences经历。根据句意，故答案为C。

(17)句意：意外的灾难随时可能发生，你如何对付灾难是对你的性格的真正的检验。A.deal with对付；处理；B.get along进展；相处；C.come up被提出；走向前；D.turn to转向；求助于；根据句意，故答案为A。

(18)句意：如果你选择抱怨或逃避，困难会一直伴随左右。A.leave离开；B.change改变； C.follow跟随；D.carry搬运；根据句意，故答案为C。

(19)句意：然而，如果你选择坚强，困难会是一种财富。A.calm镇静的；B.careful小心的； C.understanding理解的；D.strong强壮的；与上文的complain or escape相比，故答案为D。

(20)句意：新的希望会出现。A.challenges挑战；B.hopes希望；C.situations情形；D.rewards回报。与上文“困难会伴随”形成对比，故答案为B。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一 时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通

顺，语意连贯。

3．完形填空

One day, a well-known speaker was invited to give a lecture to an audience of 200. He started his lecture by 1 a $ 20 bill. He looked around the room, and asked, “Who would like this $20 bill?” 2 started going up.

He said, “I am going to 3 this $20 to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He crumpled up (揉皱) the 20-dollar bill. He then asked, “Who 4 wants it?” Still the hands were 5 in the air.

“Well”, he replied,“ 6 I do this ?” And he dropped it on the 7 and started to step on it with his shoes. He picked it up. Now it was crumpled and 8 . “Now, who wants it?” Still the hands went into the air.

“My friends, we have all learned a very 9 lesson. No matter what I did to the 10 , you still want it because it doesn't decrease in 11 . It is still worth $20, with 12 we can buy what we need.

Many times in our lives, we are 13 , and trampled（踩）underfoot by the decision we 14 and the circumstances that come our way. We feel 15 we were worthless. But no matter what has happened or what may happen to us, you will never 16 your value. Dirty or clean, you are still priceless to those who do love you. The worth of our lives is determined not by 17 we do or who we know, but by who we are. You are 18 . Don't ever forget it.”

If you 19 this lesson in mind, it will help you to 20 again when you fall. Each time it makes you grow much stronger.

1. A. holding up B. picking up C. keeping up D. bringing up 2. A. Chats 3. A. pass 4. A. ever 5. A. on 6. A. What for 7. A. floor 8. A. usable 10. A. money 11. A. shape 12. A. which 13. A. warned 14. A. prefer 16. A. take 17. A. how

B. Voices B. give B. even B. off B. desk B. small B. paper B. value B. what B. pushed B. receive B. lose B. what

C. Hands C. show C. also C. up C. shelf C. dirty C. rare C. book C. quality C. that C. dropped C. face C. miss C. where

D. Talks D. lend D. still D. out D. dustbin D. old D. valuable D. card D. size D. it D. reminded D. make D. only if D. win D. who

B. How come C. What about D. What if

9. A. meaningless B. amazing

15. A. as though B. even though C. if only

18. A. honest 19. A. keep

B. wise B. forget

C. young C. impress C. take up

D. special D. leave D. jump up

20. A. stand up B. put up

【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）D；（7）A；（8）C；（9）D；（10）A；（11）B；（12）A；（13）C；（14）D；（15）A；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）A；

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一位演讲者向观众展示一张20美元的钞票，尽管这张钞票被弄得又皱又脏，人们还是要它，因为它的价值没有改变。进而得出人生的真谛：人生的价值在于人本身的内在价值。

（1）考查动词词组及语境的理解。句意：hold up举起；pick up捡起；keep up保持；bring up抚养。演讲者应是举起那张20美元的钞票给观众看。hold up符合语境，故选A。 （2）考查名词及语境的理解。句意：演讲者问“谁想要钱”。A聊天；B声音；C手；D谈话。根据常识可知应是举手示意；第二段的“Still the hands were 5 in the air”也是提示，故选C。

（3）考查动词及语境的理解。句意：我会把这20美元给你们其中一个人。A传递；B给；C展示；D借出。根据句意：故选B。

（4）考查副词及语境的理解。句意：演讲者把钱币揉皱了，问：“谁还想要？”A 永远；B 甚至；C 也；D 还。 still符合语境，故选D。

（5）考查副词及语境的理解。句意：A继续着；B走开；C向上；D在外面。根据第一段中“Hands started going up”，手开始举了起来，用了up；此处还是考查方位副词，四个选项中只有up符合语境，故选C。

（6）考查固定句型及语境的理解。句意：考查句型A 为什么；B 怎么会呢；C .....如何；D What if ....要是...又怎么样，如果...该怎么办。根据语境，what if 符合，故选D。

（7）考查名词及语境的理解。根据后面的“started to step on it with his shoes”可知是放在地上用脚踩。 A地面；B桌子；C 架子；D垃圾箱。floor符合语境，故选A。

（8）考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：钱被放在地上用脚踩了，这张钱一定是脏了。 A可用的；B小的；C脏的；D旧的。dirty符合语境，故选C。

（9）考查形容词及语境的理解。句意： 这是一节很重要的课。A无意义的；B令人惊异的；C稀有的；D很有用的，很重要的，宝贵的。valuable符合语境，故选D。

（10）考查名词及语境的理解。句意：那张20美元的钞票。A钱；B纸；C书；D卡片。这里是指money符合语境，故选A。

（11）考查名词及语境的理解。句意：无论我对这张钱做了什么，你们仍然想要它，因为它的价值并没有降低。A形状；B价值；C质量；D尺寸。根据句意，value符合语境，故选B。

（12）考查代词及语境的理解。此处指代前面提到的钱，作with的宾语，可排除B、D项。which可直接跟在介词后面，而that不可以。故选A。

（13）考查动词及语境的理解。句意：在生活中我们就像那张被丢在地上的钱，会被践踏。 A警告；B推；C丢下；D提醒。根据前文中“他把丢在地上，并踩它”的暗。示drop符合语境，故选C。

（14）考查动词及语境的理解。 A宁愿；B收到；C面对；D制作，做。decision 与动词make连用，构成短语make a decision 做决定，下决心。故选D。

（15）考查连词及语境的理解。句意：我们感到我们好像是没用的。 A好像；B即使；C只要；D只有。as though符合语境，故选A。

（16）考查动词及语境的理解。句意：无论发生了什么或会发生什么，你都不要失去自己的价值。A拿；B失去；C想念；D赢得。lose one's value，失去价值，故选B。

（17）考查代词词及语境的理解。句意：我们的生命价值不在于做过什么或认识谁 。by后是一个宾语从句，该宾语从句缺少宾语，要用代词充当。A和C是副词，不符合；根据句意，用what做do的宾语。故选B。

（18）考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：每个人本身存在就是独一无二的，是特别的。 A诚实的；B聪明的；C年轻的；D特别的。故选D。

（19）考查动词及语境的理解。句意：如果你记住这一课..... A保留；B忘记；C给某人以深刻影响；D离开。keep和in mind 连用构成短语keep in mind记住。故选A。

（20）考查动词词组及语境的理解。句意：失败后还要再站起来。A站起来； B举起，张贴，建立；C拿起，从事，占用；D跳起来。根据语境可知，stand up 符合，故选A。 【点评】夹叙夹议文完形填空解题技巧

技巧一：关注文章首句，领会大意。 通过理解文章的首句，我们可以明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。通过理解段落的首句，也可明确每段的大意。

技巧二：根据前后语境，上下联系。有时只需从空格所在句子的上文或下文考虑；有时需要从空格所在句子的前后2-3句考虑；还有的可能要从整个段落或整篇文章给予考虑，才可选出正确选项。上下文提供的信息对应关系以及词语的重复使用，对解答完形填空也非常有。

对于文中生词的处理，有的可以通过句法分析判断词性，根据上下文猜测其大意；对不影响文章理解和解题的生词可以跳过不管。 技巧三：根据词语辨析，挑选答案。

理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑，把握整体意思，寻找答题线索

4．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

\"Nature and Nurture\"（遗传还是环境）

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. However, it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another 1 .

Social scientists are of course 2 interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain 3 and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two 4 schools of thought on the matter have developed. 5 one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between 6 of each theory. The controversy(争论) is often referred to as “nature and nurture”.

Those who 7 the “nature\" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are 8 determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is 9 to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our 10 .

Supporters of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, 11 , claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instinctsin determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely 12 by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic（机械论的）. They state that, like machines, humans respond to 13 stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.

Socially and politically, the results of these two theories are 14 . In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” supporters to conclude that blacks are genetically 15 in status than whites are. Behaviorists, 16 , say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental 17 that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same 18 that whites do.

Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. As a matter of fact, it is quite 19 that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the debate will 20 for a long time is certain. 1. A. sensitive 2. A. frequently 3. A. approaches 4. A. different 5. A. What 6. A. objectors 7. A. claim 8. A. completely 9. A. sensitive 10. A. abilities 11. A. experts 12. A. shaped 14. A. temporary 15. A. lower 17. A. protections 18. A. conclusions 19. A. necessary

B. productive C. competitive B. extremely C. generally B. possessions C. characteristics B. reliable B. As B. support B. largely B. open B. teachers

C. excellent C. Which C. resolve C. thoroughly C. central C. personalities

D. impressive D. occasionally D. friends D. equal D. That D. supporters D. object D. merely D. subject D. instincts D. learned D. physical D. far-reaching D. smarter D. for instance D. advantages D. opportunities D. likely

B. operators C. opponents

B. behaviorists C. environmentalists D. scientists B. discussed C. constructed B. slight B. higher

C. fatal C. stronger

13. A. environmental B. biological C. psychological

16. A. on the contrary B. as a whole C. after all

B. pollutions C. technologies B. abilities

C. responses

B. impossible C. unreasonable

20. A. arise B. disappear C. continue D. respond

【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）D；（7）B；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）B；（12）A；（13）A；（14）D；（15）A；（16）A；（17）D；（18）C；（19）D；（20）C；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了关于人的个性和智力的形成的两个针锋相对的理论：遗传论和环境论。

（1）考查形容词。句意：很难解释为什么有些人聪明，而有些人不聪明，为什么有的人充满合作精神，而有些人却老是想着竞争。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. productive“多产的”；C. competitive“竞争的”；D. impressive“印象深刻的”。故选C。

（2）考查副词。句意：当然，社会学科学家对这些问题及其感兴趣。A. frequently“频繁地”；B. extremely“及其，非常”；C. generally“一般地”；D. occasionally“偶尔”。故选B。 （3）考查名词。句意：他们想解释问什么人们表现出某些特点，做出某些行为。A. approaches“方法，手段”；B. possessions“财产”；C. characteristics“特点，特征”；D. friends“朋友”。故选C。

（4）考查形容词。句意：但是就这个问题演变出两种不同的学派。A. different “不同的”；B. reliable“可靠的”；C. excellent“杰出的”；D. equal“平等的”。故选A。

（5）考查名词。句意：正如有的人期望的那样，这两种学派彼此是不同的。此处为as引导的非性定语从句，意为“正如，就像”。故选B。

（6）考查名词。句意：两个理论彼此的支持者之间存在很多争议。A. objectors“反对者”；B. operators “ 操作人员”；C. opponents“对手”；D. supporters“支持者”。故选D。 （7）考查动词。句意：那些致辞争论中“本性”一方的人认为我们的性格和形式模式主要由生物因素决定。A. claim“宣称，声称”；B. support“支持”；C. resolve“决心”；D. object“反对”。故选B。

（8）考查副词。句意：那些致辞争论中“本性”一方的人认为我们的性格和形式模式主要由生物因素决定。A. completely“完全地”；B. largely “主要地，大部分地”；C. thoroughly“彻底地”；D. merely“仅仅”。故选B。

（9）考查形容词。句意：性格和行为是这一理论的核心。A. sensitive“敏感的”；B. open“开放的”；C. central“ 中心的”；D. subject“主题，话题”。故选C。

（10）考查名词。句意：我们基本上完全由我们的直觉支配。A. abilities“能力”；B. teachers“教师”；C. personalities“性格”；D. instincts“直觉”。故选D。

（11）考查名词。句意：“环境论”的支持者，或者被称为“行为主义者”认为环境更为重要。A. experts“专家”；B. behaviorists“行为主义者”；C. environmentalist“环保主义者”；D. scientists“科学家”。下文“A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner ….”有提示。故选B。

（12）考查动词。句意：人类的行为几乎完全由环境所塑造。A. shaped“塑造”；B. discussed “ 讨论”；C. constructed“ 建造”；D. learned“学习”。故选A。

（13）考查形容词。句意：他们认为人类，和机器一样，对环境的刺激做出反应，这是他们行为的基础。A. environmental “环境的”；B. biological“生物的”；C. psychological“心里的”；D. physical“物理的，身体的”。故选A。

（14）考查形容词。句意：无论是社会还是政治，这两个理论的结果的影响都是深远的。

A. temporary“临时的”；B. slight“轻微的”；C. fatal“致命的”；D. far-reaching“深远的”。故选D。

（15）考查形容词。句意：这导致自然论者得出结论：黑人从基因上就低于白色人种。A. lower“较低的”；B. higher“较高的”；C. stronger“更强壮的”；D. smarter“更聪明的”。故选A。

（16）考查介词短语。句意：恰恰相反，环境论者认为这种差距是由于黑人被剥夺了教育和其他环境的优势。A. on the contrary“恰恰相反”；B. as a whole“作为整体”；C. after all“毕竟”；D. for instance“例如”。故选A。

（17）考查名词。句意：恰恰相反，环境论者认为这种差距是由于黑人被剥夺了教育和其他环境的优势。A. protections“保护”；B. pollutions“污染”；C. technologies“技术”；D. advantages“优势”。故选D。

（18）考查名词。句意：结果，他们无法做出和白人一样的反应。此处应该是指在前文提到的intelligence tests “智力测试”中和人做出的反应。A. conclusions“结论”；B. abilities“能力”；C. responses“反应”；D. opportunities“机会”。故选C。

（19）考查形容词。句意：事实上，极有可能的是我们行为的关键存在于这两种极端理论的中间的某个地方。A. necessary“必要的”；B. impossible“不可能的”；C. unreasonable“不合理的”；D. likely“可能的”。故选D。

（20）考查动词。句意：这一争论将继续进行下去，这是肯定的。A. arise“出现”；B. disappear“消失”；C. continue“继续”；D. respond“反应”。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白。

I grew up in a small town and the main entertainment（娱乐）was Friday night high school football. It was just a sleepy little town where parents wanted to raise their children away from crime and 1 of a big city, and where teenagers like me 2 leaving to find something bigger and better.

All that changed one summer night. My friend Lisa, Martin and Tyler held a party for my eighteenth birthday at Lisa's house. 3 they kept handing alcohol to me I was pretty 4 . I asked Tyler to take me home. With some 5 , we made it out to his car and drove home. News came next morning. My friend Martin was 6 in a car accident. That night after Tyler and I left, Martin, who was 7 more drunk than me, got into his car and 8 towards the highway to go home. Driving on the wrong side of the road, he never saw the truck coming. The driver didn't see him 9 to avoid the car. They hit head on. Martin died immediately, and the driver was thrown 10 the truck windshield（挡风玻璃）and died a week later.

Whenever I 11 back on that day, I can't help thinking that it was my 12 to drink so much that night. 13 things would be different. I know Martin 14 the choice to drink and drive that night, but a part of me will always feel 15 for what happened. I may not change the world with my story, but I do hope that by 16 my story I can make you 17 that you not only have a responsibility for yourself but also for others. Don't ever think that your choices are yours 18 . Every choice is like a stone dropped into 19 water—each ripple (涟漪) 20 someone who your choice affects. That's quite an influence, isn't it? 1. A. death 3. A. When 4. A. lost 5. A. difficulty 6. A. died 7. A. constantly 8. A. fled 9. A. in time 10. A. above 11. A. turn 12. A. desire 14. A. made 15. A. guilty 17. A. explain 18. A. alone 19. A. clean 20. A. inspires

B. fashion B. As B. drunk B. fun B. injured B. walked B. in trouble B. below B. hold B. right B. avoided

C. danger C. While C. frozen C. hope C. killed C. pushed C. through C. get C. fault

D. challenge D. Although D. sleepy D. method D. hurt D. clearly D. headed D. into D. look D. chance

2. A. succeeded in B. agreed to

C. applied for D. dreamed of

B. frequently C. equally

C. in danger D. in place

13. A. Meanwhile B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise C. regretted D. faced

D. embarrassed D. limit D. perhaps D. fresh D. benefits

C. declaring D. stopping C. realize C. finally C. deep

B. disappointed C. happy B. escape B. always B. still

16. A. remembering B. sharing

B. represents C. attracts

【答案】 （1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）D；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）D；（12）C；（13）D；（14）A；（15）A；（16）B；（17）C；（18）A；（19）B；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述什么样的事会影响人的一生？酒后驾车，导致一个年轻的生命和一个无辜的人永远离开了这个世界．所以，我们不仅要为自己也要为别人负责。

（1）考查名词。A. death“死亡”；B. fashion“时尚”；C. danger“危险”；D. challenge“挑战”。此处指我家乡的父母们想让孩子们远离犯罪和大城市的危险。选C。

（2）考查动词短语。A. succeeded in“成功做某事”；B. agreed to“同意”；C. applied for“申请”；D. dreamed of“梦想”。此处与上句形成对比，父母们不想让孩子们去大城市，而孩子们却梦想着离开家乡去更大更好的世界。故选D。

（3）考查连词。句意：随着他们不断地给我递酒我就喝多了。A. When“当时”；B. As“随着”；C. While “然而”；D. Although“尽管”。此处表示“随着”是一个递进的过程，故选B。

（4）考查形容词。A. lost“迷失的”；B. drunk“喝多的”；C. frozen“冻僵的”；D. sleepy“困乏的”。根据句意可知由于不断喝酒结果喝多了。故选B。

（5）考查名词。A. difficulty“困难”；B. fun“趣味”；C. hope“希望”；D. method“方法”。此处指我喝多了，所以Tyler把我架上车有困难，故选A。

（6）考查动词。A. died“死亡”；B. injured“受伤”；C. killed“杀死”；D. hurt“伤害”。此处指朋友Martin在车祸中死亡。下文叙述了事件的经过及Martin的死亡，故选C。

（7）考查副词。句意：Martin显然比我喝的还多。A. constantly“不断地”；B. frequently“频繁地”；C. equally“平等地”；D. clearly“显然地”。根据下文描述看出他喝多了很明显，故选D。

（8）考查动词。A. fled“逃跑”；B. walked“走”；C. pushed“推”；D. headed“前进”。Martin进入车中径直开向高速回家。此处指他直接前进，故选D。

（9）考查介词短语。A. in time“及时”；B. in trouble“陷入困境”；C. in danger“处于危险中”； D. in place“在适当的位置，准备妥当”。Martin走错了路没看见对面开来的卡车，卡车司机没看见他没能及时躲开。此处指两车及时躲开，故选A。

（10）考查介词。A. above“在……上方”；B. below“在……下方”；C. through“通过，穿过”；D. into“到……里面，进入”。此处指卡车司机通过挡风玻璃被甩出去，一周后死亡。根据句意及生活常识，选C。

（11）考查动词。A. turn“转到”；B. hold“拿着”；C. get“得到”；D. look“看”。look back固定短语，“回想”，故选D.

（12）考查名词。句意：我禁不住想那天晚上是我的过失和那么多酒。A. desire“愿望”；B. right“权利”；C. fault“过失”；D. chance“机会”。此处表示作者自我责备，故选C。 （13）考查副词。句意：否则事情就会是不一样的结果。A. Meanwhile“与此同时”；B. However“然而”；C. Therefore“因此”；D. Otherwise“否则”。表示与前面相反的结果。故选D。

（14）考查动词。A. made“制作”；B. avoided“避免”；C. regretted“后悔”；D. faced“面对”。make the choice固定短语，“做决定”，指那天Martin决定喝酒和开车，故选A。

（15）考查形容词。 A. guilty“内疚的”；B. disappointed“失望的”；C. sensitive“敏感的”；D. embarrassed“尴尬的”。此处指我总是为那天发生的事感到内疚。选A。

（16）考查动词。句意：我的故事可能不能改变世界，但是我真的希望通过分享我的故事使你意识到你不仅对自己还对别人有责任。A. remembering“记住”；B. sharing“分享”；C. declaring“宣布”；D. stopping“停止”。此处指把我的故事写出来与大家共享，故选B。 （17）考查动词。A. explain“解释”；B. escape“逃跑”；C. realize“意识到”；D. limit“”。此处指我真的希望通过分享我的故事使你意识到你不仅对自己还对别人有责任。故选C。 （18）考查副词。A. alone“单独地”；B. merely“仅仅，只不过”；C. finally“最后”；D. perhaps“或许”。不要以为你的决定就单独是你自己的事。其实许多时候还会涉及到别人。故选A。

（19）考查形容词。句意：每一个选择就像一块石头掉进了平静的水面。A. clean“干净的”；B. still“静止的，一动不动的”；C. deep“深的”；D. fresh“新鲜的”。此处指平静的水，故选B。

（20）考查动词。A. inspires“鼓励”；B. represents“代表”；C. attracts“吸引”；D. benefits“收益”。此处指石头在水中溅起的涟漪就代表你的决定影响到的人。选B.

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．完形填空

It is easy to overlook the role that your body plays in influencing your mood(情绪). When you are 1 , you may find yourself blaming work pressures or an unknown future. However, it could just be that you've been sitting behind your desk too long.

One way to improve your mood is 2 . Psychologically, it provides you with a break from the stresses in your life. Also, in the process, you may aim for 3 goals, like a new personal running record or a better body shape. The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your 4 . That is why exercise has been shown to 5 your self-respect.

You do not have to train yourself 6 to feel the psychological benefits of exercise. What really matters is 7 , not intensity(强度) of your exercise. You can try walking for 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends. 1. A. ill 2. A. play 3. A. clear 4. A. ability 6. A. hard 7. A. time

B. poor B. present B. relationship B. everywhere B. length

C. unhappy D. unsuccessful

D. exercise

C. common D. early C. confidence D. business C. set aside D. give out C. carefully D. late C. form

D. frequency

B. communication C. sleep

5. A. tear down B. build up

【答案】（1）C；（2）D；（3）A；（4）C；（5）B；（6）A；（7）D；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了锻炼对情绪的影响。锻炼可以使人们快乐起来。锻炼也能使人增强信心，树立起自尊心。同时也告诉读者如果想要得到锻炼的好处，应该在于经常锻炼而不在于锻炼的强度。

（1）考查形容词。根据下文“find yourself balming work pressures or an unknown future”可知这里人的情感为unhappy, 表示不快乐，不高兴的心理，所以选择unhappy。C合语境。 （2）考查名词。根据下文“like a new personal running record or a better body shape”可知这里是通过锻炼来改善情绪，由此推知本空D项正确。（3）考查形容词。本句中后面的内容有两个1)一个个人跑步记录 2) 更好的体型。也就是进行锻炼要有明确的“clear”目标，另外，下句的particular goal“特定的目标”也在提示这层意思，由此推断A为正确选项。 （4）考查名词。“锻炼强身”这是人人都知道的事实，身体好了，信心就会得到增强。同时，本句中的“a particular goal makes you feel good”也可以印证常识的正确性，所以本题答案为C。

（5）考查固定搭配。build up“建立；增强”；tear down “拆毁”； set aside “把…...放在一

边”；give out “释放”。build up one's self-respect “增强个人的自尊心”，所以答案为B。 （6）考查副词。句意：你不用太拼命的锻炼来感受运动带来的对身体的好处。根据下文中的“intensity of your exercise ”锻炼的强度，可知答案为A。train hard “拼命锻炼”。A合语境。

（7）考查名词。句意：关键是锻炼的频率而不是锻炼的强度。下文中的“30 minutes five times per week ”所表达的是动作发生的频率。time \"时间\"；length\" 长度\"；form\" 形式\"；frequency\" 频率\"。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词、名词、动词短语以及副词等知识点的考查，综合性强。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，通过上下爱问的逻辑关系，进一步进行分析推理，选出正确答案。

7．完形填空

Growing roots

When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Dr. Gibbs. He didn't look like any doctor I'd 1 known. When Dr. Gibbs wasn't 2 lives, he was planting trees.

The good doctor had some 3 theories on planting trees. He believed in \"No pains, no gains\". He never 4 his new trees, which was 5 many people. Once I asked why. He 6 that watering plants spoiled(宠坏)them, and that if you water them, each following tree generation will 7 weaker and weaker. So you have to make things 8 for them. He talked about how watering trees 9 shallow roots, and how trees that weren't watered had to grow deep roots in 10 of water. I came to understand that he meant deep roots were to be 11 . I planted a couple of trees a few years back and I took good care of them. Two years of 12 has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot. Whenever a cold wind blows, they 13 and tremble their branches. Funny things about those trees of Dr. Gibbs'. The lack of water seemed to 14 them in ways comfort and ease never could.

I used to 15 for my sons that their lives will be easy. But 16 I've been thinking that it's time to 17 my prayer. I know my children are going to meet 18 , and I'm praying they will be strong. The prayer for comfort is seldom met. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, 19 when the winds blow, they won't be 20 away. 1. A. even 2. A. valuing 3. A. exciting 4. A. watered 5. A. against 7. A. grow 8. A. harmful 10. A. charge

B. ever B. making B. dull B. raised B. beyond B. change

C. never C. enjoying C. loved C. within C. appear C. allow for C. honor

D. hardly D. saving D. sheltered D. from D. guessed D. show D. wonderful D. care for D. search

C. interesting D. terrible

6. A. wondered B. answered C. doubted

B. favorable C. tough B. favor

9. A. made for B. head for

11. A. treasured B. challenged C. respected D. liked 12. A. education B. information C. preparation D. devotion 13. A. dance 14. A. harm 15. A. pray 17. A. attend 19. A. or 20. A. given

B. shake B. raise B. apply B. say B. so B. sent

C. spread C. benefit C. stand C. change C. bosses C. and C. broken

D. lift D. hurt D. call D. keep D. jobs D. but D. swept

16. A. perfectly B. formally 18. A. hardships B. worries

C. obviously D. lately

【答案】 （1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）B；（7）A；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；（11）A；（12）D；（13）B；（14）C；（15）A；（16）D；（17）C；（18）A；（19）B；（20）D；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者的邻居Gibbs医生认为种树应当浇水，因为没有浇水的树的根必须钻入深深的泥土寻找水，这样树会变得越来越强壮。作者由此得到启发，祈祷自己的儿子们在遇到艰难时，也会像树一样坚强。

（1）考查副词。句意：他看起来不像我曾经认识的任何一个医生。A. even“甚至”；B. ever“曾经”；C. never“从不”；D. hardly“几乎不”。根据语境，Gibbs医生很特别，不像作者曾经认识的任何一个医生。故选B。

（2）考查动词。句意：Gibbs医生不救人的时候就去种树。A. valuing“估价”；B. making“制作”；C. enjoying“欣赏”；D. saving“拯救”。根据上文“He didn't look like any doctor”可知他是个医生，是来救人性命的。故选D。

（3）考查形容词。句意：这位好医生对植树有一些有趣的理论。A. exciting“激动的”；B. dull“无趣的”；C. interesting“有趣的”；D. terrible“糟糕的”。根据下文可知他从不给树浇水，可知他对于种树有一些有趣的理论。故选C。

（4）考查动词。句意：他从来没有给他的新树浇过水，这是许多人无法比的。A. watered“浇水”；B. raised“抚育”；C. loved“爱”；D. sheltered“庇护”。根据下文所介绍的他的种树的理论可知他从不给树浇水。故选A。

（5）考查介词。句意：他从来没有给他的新树浇过水，这是许多人无法比的。A. against“反对”；B. beyond“超出”；C. within“在……之内”；D. from“来自”。不给树浇水的做法超过了其他人，是许多人无法比的。故选B。

（6）考查动词。句意：他回答说浇水把他们惯坏了。A. wondered“想知道”；B. answered“回答”；C. doubted“怀疑”；D. guessed“猜测”。根据上文“Once I asked why.”可知作者问他为什么，他回答。故选B。

（7）考查动词。句意：如果你给他们浇水，接下来的每一代都会变得越来越弱。A. grow“生长，变得”；B. change“改变”；C. appear“出现”；D. show“展示”。根据上文的“watering plants spoiled them”和下文“shallow roots”可知，他认为给树浇水会使树木的根扎的很浅，所以会变得越来越弱。故选A。

（8）考查形容词。句意：所以你得给他们制造困难。A. harmful“有害的”；B. favorable“有

利的”；C. tough“艰苦的”；D. wonderful“极好的”。根据上文可知他认为应该使树的生长环境艰苦些，从而刺激树木生长的更好。故选C。

（9）考查动词短语。句意：他告诉我用水浇灌的树会导致根系很浅，那些没有浇水的树的根必须钻入深深的泥土寻找水。A. made for“导致”；B. head for“前往”；C. allow for“考虑到”；D. care for“关心”。根据上文他的理论和下文“how trees that weren't watered had to grow deep roots”可知给树浇水会导致根系很浅。故选A。

（10）考查名词。句意：那些没有浇水的树的根必须钻入深深的泥土寻找水。A. charge“费用”；B. favor“帮助”；C. honor“尊敬”；D. search“搜索，寻找”。根据下文of water可知树木的根系向下生长来寻找水。in search of固定短语，“寻找”。故选D。

（11）考查动词。句意：我开始明白，他的意思是要重视根的深度。A. treasured“重视”；B. challenged“挑战”；C. respected“尊敬”；D. liked“喜欢”。对于树木来说深深的根系是非常重要的，因为医生的意思是要重视根的深度。故选A。

（12）考查名词。句意：经过两年的虔诚奉献，结果培育出了一些需要悉心照料的树木。A. education“教育”；B. information“信息”；C. preparation“准备”；D. devotion“奉献”。根据下文“has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot”可知作者两年的虔诚奉献，结果培育出了一些需要悉心照料的树木。故选D。

（13）考查动词。句意：每当寒风袭来，它们就会摇动和颤抖着树枝。A. dance“跳舞”；B. shake“摇晃”；C. spread“传播”；D. lift“举起”。作者种植的树木因为浇水所以虚弱，所以当刮风时，树枝会摇晃和颤抖。故选B。

（14）考查动词。句意：缺水对他们的好处似乎是舒适和安逸永远无法给予的。A. harm“危害”；B. raise“养育”；C. benefit“有益于”；D. hurt“伤害”。根据上文医生的种树理论可知缺少水会使树木的根系比较发达，从而有益于树木。故选C。

（15）考查动词。句意：我常常为我的儿子们祈祷，希望他们的生活能过得轻松些。A. pray“祈祷”；B. apply“申请”；C. stand“忍受”；D. call“呼叫”。根据下文“my prayer”可知，作者过去祈祷儿子们的生活能轻松些。故选A。

（16）考查副词。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. perfectly“完美地”；B. formally“正式地”；C. obviously“显然地”；D. lately“最近”。根据语境可知，过去作者祈祷儿子们生活安逸，而结合下文可知最近作者的想法改变了。故选D。

（17）考查动词。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. attend“参加”；B. say“说”；C. change“改变”；D. keep“保持”。根据下文“I'm praying they will be strong.”可知作者认为是时候改变自己的祈祷了。故选C。

（18）考查名词。句意：我知道我的孩子会遇到困难，我祈祷他们会坚强。A. hardships“艰难，困苦”；B. worries“担心”；C. bosses“老板”；D. jobs“工作”。根据上文的种树的理论可知，作者知道艰苦的环境会有利于孩子的成长。故选A。

（19）考查连词。句意：我们需要做的是祈祷深的根，如此当风吹的时候，它们就不会被吹走。A. or“或者”；B. so“因此”；C. and“并且”；D. but“但是”。根据语境，可知为因果关系，表示“如此”。故选B。

（20）考查动词。句意：我们需要做的是祈祷深的根，如此当风吹的时候，它们就不会被吹走。A. given“给予”；B. sent“寄”；C. broken“打破”；D. swept“扫除”。根据“pray for deep

roots”可知作者认为只有将根扎的很深，才不会被风吹走。sweep away固定短语，“清除，一扫而空”。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

As a boy I was always small for my age. I was five years younger than one of my brothers and seven years younger than the other. 1 , I often felt left out when their friends came over to 2 . I was too 3 for whatever they were doing and they didn't want me to listen to their conversations either. More often than not I found myself outside playing 4 and feeling forgotten.

I remember one Spring afternoon I felt especially 5 as I sat in the yard behind our house. We lived miles from town and I 6 saw my own friends outside of school. I 7 my brothers laughing from 8 the house and felt a single tear coming down my face. At that moment I saw a large brown dog 9 me. He was wagging (摇摆) his tail 10 . He greeted me like a long lost 11 , licking (舔) my hand and sitting beside me on the grass, 12 he didn't know me. I petted and 13 this four-legged angel (天使). He let me pour out all my troubles and 14 my deepest thoughts before he kissed me goodbye. I went back inside feeling happy, 15 that no matter what life might hold I was loved. I 16 that the dog was sent in that moment of 17 to remind me just how much I was loved. In truth, nothing brings us greater 18 than knowing we are loved. Knowing we are loved gives us the 19 to love others as well. It also helps us to be the people the world meant for us to be. Remember how much the world loves you and share your 20 with the world. 1. A. For example B. As a result C. In fact 2. A. discuss 3. A. young 4. A. excitedly 5. A. relaxed 6. A. regularly 7. A. heard 8. A. behind 9. A. walking to 10. A. quietly 11. A. child 12. A. because 13. A. picked up 14. A. form

B. fight B. quick B. alone B. anxious B. even B. found B. over B. happily B. friend B. if only B. record

C. play C. nervous C. secretly C. strange C. hardly C. made C. outside C. slightly C. toy C. when C. share

D. At the beginning D. work D. noisy D. hard D. lonely D. always D. imagined D. inside D. naturally D. chance D. even though D. have

B. barking at C. passing by D. keeping off

B. thought of C. learned from D. talked to

15. A. doubting 16. A. decide 17. A. sadness 18. A. changes 19. A. pride

B. wondering C. showing B. prove B. peace B. honor

C. believe C. madness C. ideas C. faith

D. knowing D. explain D. silence D. joy D. possibility D. growth

B. freedom C. strength

20. A. appreciation B. love

【答案】 （1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）D；（6）C；（7）A；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B；（11）B；（12）D；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）C；（17）A；（18）D；（19）C；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在作者感到孤独的时候，一只小狗的陪伴让作者倍感幸福与被爱。（1）考查介词短语。A：For example“例如”；B：As a result“结果”；C：In fact“实际上”；D：At the beginning“起初”。根据上下文可知，此处表示因果关系，故选B。

（2）考查动词。A：discuss“讨论”；B：fight“打仗”；C：play“玩”；D：work“工作”。根据下文中的“More often than not I found myself outside playing ... and feeling forgotten”可知，当哥哥们的朋友来玩时，“我”总感到被冷落了。故选C。

（3）考查形容词。A：young“年轻的。小的”；B：quick“迅速的”；C：nervous“紧张的”；D：noisy “吵闹的”。根据上文中的“I was five years younger than ...”可知，“我”太小，不适合加入他们的活动。故选A。

（4）考查副词。A：excitedly“激动地，兴奋地”；B：alone“单独地”；C：secretly“秘密地”；D：hard “努力地”。根据上文中的“I often felt left out”和该空后的“feeling forgotten”以及下文的描述可知，很多时候“我”都是独自一人玩，有一种被遗忘的感觉。故选B。 （5）考查形容词。A：relaxed“放松的”；B：anxious“焦急的”；C：strange“奇怪的”；D：lonely“孤独的”。根据下文中的“I ... my brothers laughing ... felt a single tear coming down my face”可知，“我”感到特别孤独。故选D。

（6）考查副词。A：regularly“有规律地，定期地”；B：even“甚至”；C：hardly“几乎不”；D：always “总是”。根据上文“We lived miles from town”可知，放学后“我”几乎不能看到自己的朋友。故选C。

（7）考查动词。A：heard“听见”；B：found“发现”；C：made“制造”；D：imagined“想象”。根据下文“my brothers laughing”可知，“我”听到哥哥们的笑声。故选A。

（8）考查介词。根据上文中的“More often than not I found myself outside”和“I sat in the yard behind our house”以及下文中的“I went back inside feeling happy”可知，哥哥和他的朋友们在家里玩，故选D。

（9）考查动词短语。A：walking to“走到”；B：barking at“对......吠”；C：passing by“进过”；D：keeping off “避开，远离”。根据下文中的“licking my hand and sitting beside me on the grass”可知，“我”看见一只狗朝我走来。故选A。

（10）考查副词。A：quietly“安静地”；B：happily“快乐地”；C：slightly“稍微”；D：naturally “自然地”。根据下文中的“he greeted me like ...”可知，这只狗很快乐。故选B。 （11）考查名词。A：child“孩子”；B：friend“朋友”；C：toy“玩具”；D：chance“机会”。尽

管它不认识“我”，但是它像久违的老朋友一样跟“我”打招呼。故选B。

（12）考查状语从句。句意：尽管它不认识“我”，但是它像久违的老朋友一样跟“我”打招呼。这是一个让步状语从句，故选D。

（13）考查动词短语。A：picked up“捡起”；B：thought of“想起”；C：learned from“向......学习”；D：talked to“向......谈”.根据下文中的“let me pour out all my troubles”可知，“我”对这只狗倾诉。故选D。

（14）考查动词。A：form“形成”；B：record“记录”；C：share“分享”；D：have “有”。根据文中的描述可知，它给“我”机会倾诉自己的烦恼，分享“我”内心深处的想法。故选C。 （15）考查动词。A：doubting“怀疑”；B：wondering“想知道”；C：showing“展示”；D：knowing “知道”。“我”清楚地知道“我”被爱着。故选D。

（16）考查动词。A：decide“决定”；B：prove“证明”；C：believe“相信”；D：explain “解释”。“我”相信，在“我”难过的时候，那只小狗的出现是来提醒“我”是被爱着的。故选C。 （17）考查名词。A：sadness“悲伤”；B：peace“和平”；C：madness“疯狂”；D：silence “沉默”。根据上文中的“felt a single tear coming down my face和I went back inside feeling happy”可知，“我”相信，在“我”难过的时候，那只小狗的出现是来提醒“我”是被爱着的。故选A。

（18）考查名词。A：changes“变化”；B：honor“荣誉”；C：ideas“主意”；D：joy“欢乐”。 根据上文中的“I went back inside feeling happy”可知，没有什么比知道有人爱着我们能带给我们更大的欢乐。故选D。

（19）考查名词。A：pride“骄傲”；B：freedom“自由”；C：strength“力量”；D：possibility “可能”。知道有人爱着我们也给了我们力量去爱别人。故选C。

（20）考查名词。A：appreciation“感激，欣赏”；B：love“爱”；C：faith“信任”；D：growth “成长”。根据“gives us the ... to love others as well”可知，此处指与世界分享你的爱。 【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，状语从句，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

John graduated from a key university and he was very good at his major. He wished to find a good job. One day, he went to a company to 1 for a job. He got the news in a newspaper. He did some research on this company. When he was 2 , everything went well. The manager asked him some questions and he answered them 3 John was very satisfied with his performances and was very 4 that he could get the job. But at that moment, the manager's phone 5 He picked up the phone, listened and nodded. And then he turned around and said to John, \"Sorry, I want to get some important 6 now. Please give me the book with the red 7 on that desk.\" John looked around and found 3 books on the desk, so John went to the desk, took one book and handed it to him 8 Holding the book, the manager 9 the phone and said, \"Sorry, we cannot give the job to you.\" John was 10 and wondered why. The manager said, \"There are three 11 First, when you came into the office room, I found that the third button on your shirt had been missing. Second, there are three books with red covers on that desk, but you didn't ask me which one I needed and you took one randomly (随机地). Third, I was answering the call. You should 12 to the desk to save time. These 13 showed you are not a careful person.\" 14 , John didn't get the job.

We can learn a(n) 15 from John's experience. Some people don't 16 the details in our life. But it is the details that 17 Not only should we value what we learn but also we should pay more attention to the details. Sometimes they can even 18 our success or failure. We should form the habit of being careful and learn to keep the 19 of quantity and quality. We should keep it in mind that 20 comes first, without which quantity is of no significance. 1. A. apply 2. A. contacted 4. A. grateful 5. A. lost 7. A. cover 8. A. eagerly

B. vote

C. prepare C. generally C. confident C. rang C. character C. purposely

D. wait D. questioned D. fluently D. lucky D. answered D. mark D. quickly D. hung up

B. interviewed C. asked B. excited B. called B. picture B. politely

3. A. immediately B. slowly

6. A. arrangement B. response C. information D. result

9. A. searched for B. picked up C. held on 10. A. surprised B. helpless 11. A. methods 12. A. wander 13. A. parts 15. A. subject 16. A. mind 17. A. trouble 18. A. describe 20. A. quality

B. results B. run B. facts B. idea B. mention B. count B. replace B. quantity

C. disappointed D. worried C. collections D. reasons C. walk C. details C. skill C. ignore C. interest C. value C. safety

D. move D. stories D. Regularly D. lesson D. provide D. impress D. determine D. competition D. promise

14. A. Eventually B. Seemingly C. Similarly

19. A. selection B. importance C. balance

【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）D；（4）C；（5）C；（6）C；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）A；（11）D；（12）B；（13）C；（14）A；（15）D；（16）A；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）A；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过John的求职经历阐明了一个耳熟能详的道理——细节决定成败。

（1）考查动词。apply“申请”；vote“投票”；prepare“准备”；wait“等待”。根据文章内容，John是一所名牌大学的毕业生，专业成绩非常优秀，希望能够找到一份好工作。一天，他去一家公司申请职位。故选A。

（2）考查动词。 contact“交流，接触”； interview“面试，采访”；ask“问”；D. question“询问”。根据文章内容，他在面试时，整个过程都进展得非常顺利。故选B。

（3）考查副词。immediately“立刻”；slowly“慢慢地”；generally“笼统地，概括地”；fluently“流利地”。经理问了几个问题，他都能非常流利地回答。故选D。

（4）考查形容词。grateful“感激的”； excited“兴奋的”； confident“自信的”；lucky“幸运的”。John对自己的表现非常满意，并且很自信自己可以得到这份工作。故选C。 （5）考查动词。lose“失去”； call“叫喊”； ring“响起”；D. answered“回答”。正在那个时候，经理的电话响了。故选C。

（6）考查名词。arrangement“安排”；response“回应”；information“信息”；insight“洞察力”。根据文章内容，经理转过身来对John说自己有重要的信息要获取。故选C。 （7）考查名词。cover“封皮”；picture“图片”；character“人物”；mark“标记”。根据文章内容，经理要求把那本红色封皮的书递给他。下文中的\"three books with red covers\"亦是提示。故选A。

（8）考查副词。eagerly“渴望地”；politely“礼貌地”；purposely“故意地”；quickly“迅速地”。他四处看看，发现桌子上有三本书，就拿起一本来礼貌地递给了他(经理)。故选B。 （9）考查动词词组。经理手里拿着那本书，挂断了电话。search for“寻找”；pick up“拿起”；hold on“等待，别挂断”；hang up“挂断电话”。故选D。

（10）考查形容词。surprised“惊讶的”；helpless“无助的”；disappointed“感到失望的”；worried“担心的”。根据文章内容，经理宣布他没有得到这份工作，这和John最开始的预料截然相反。所以他应该感到惊讶。故选A。

（11）考查名词。method“方法”；result“结果”； collection“收集”；reason“理由”。根据上下文，经理解释说拒绝他有三个原因。故选D。

（12）考查动词。wander“徘徊”；run“跑，经营”； walk“散步”； move“移动”。为了节约时间你应该跑向课桌。故选B。

（13）考查名词。 part“部件”；fact“事实”；detail“细节”；story“故事”。根据文章内容，此处指“这些细节表明了你不是一个认真的人”。下文的\"the details in our life\"和\"it is the details that 17 \"也是提示。故选C。

（14）考查副词。eventually“最后”；seemingly“看来似乎”；similarly\"相似地”；regularly“有规律地”。“这些细节表明了你不是一个认真的人”，最后约翰没得到这份工作。故选A。 （15）考查名词。subject“科目”； idea“想法，主意”； skill“技能”；lesson“教训，课程”。我们可以从John的经历中吸取一个教训。故选D。

（16）考查动词。mind“留心，介意”；mention“提出”； ignore “忽视”； provide“提供”。一些人并不在意细节，但有时候就是细节起很重要的作用。故选A。

（17）考查动词。trouble“使烦恼”；count“重要”；interest“使感兴趣，使关注”；impress“给……留下深刻印象”。从文意可知，一些人并不在意细节，但有时候就是细节起很重要的作用。故选B。

（18）考查动词。describe“描述”；replace“代替”；value“珍惜”；determine“决定”。我们不仅要重视我们所学的东西，而且还要更多地关注细节。有时候甚至就是细节决定成败。故选D。

（19）考查名词。selection“选择”；importance“重要性”；balance“平衡”；competition“竞争”。我们要养成认真的习惯，并且要学会保持数量和质量之间的平衡。故选C。 （20）考查名词。quality“质量”；quantity“数量”；safety“安全”；promise“承诺”。我们要牢记质量第一的原则，如果没有质量，数量一点意义都没有。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my lifetime, I've learnt something important: it's goodto learn new skills outside of your comfort zone. About seven years ago, I startedlearning how to paint as a 1 . I was pretty terrible. Everything looked 2 , and my colors were totally off. My friendsand colleagues suggested that I stop 3 mytime on something I wasn't good at. \" 4 onyour day job,\" they said.

I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right 5 whocould guide and challenge me. I am now 6 \"good\".Today, the same friends say I was born with this 7 .

The same thing 8 whenI started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ago. Comments shifted from,\"Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,\" to \"You've gota musical gene.\"

These 9 originatefrom long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults. Even whenthere is evidence of learning, it can be 10 toinborn talent. Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive (认知) decline, rather than 11 , suggesting that even scientists may thinkthat development is limited in adulthood.

A few recent studies suggest that 12 newskills, such as photography, for even three months may enhance the functioning ofthe brain in adults.

I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n) 13 causeof cognitive decline is the fact that adults learn fewer new skills 14 tochildren. If we can 15 howto learn well as adults, then perhaps we can 16 cognitivedecline.

Adults are often 17 togo outside of their comfort zones. We fear looking 18 for making mistakes; we fear failure couldcost us our jobs. Perhaps a reason why we suffer from cognitive decline is thatwe do not engage in learning new skills for many years.

To better communicate with my German friends, I am starting tolearn German. I'm 19 atthe \"listening and babbling (咿呀学语)\" phase. Sure, some may laugh at anadult babbling, but I hope one day I can 20 Germanfluently, and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby. 1. A. hobby 2. A. perfect 3. A. taking

B. dream B. bright B. wasting

C. job C. dull C. putting

D. measure D. enjoyable D. getting

4. A. Count 5. A. friends 6. A. concluded 7. A. talent 8. A. happened 9. A. suggestions 10. A. reported 11. A. failure 12. A. catching 13. A. important 14. A. prepared 15. A. breakout 16. A. prevent 18. A. stupid 19. A. clearly 20. A. write

B. Depend B. teachers B. realized B. spirit B. found B. attributed B. change B. arranging B. flexible B. compared B. figure out B. master B. upset B. presently B. read

C. Congratulate D. Focus C. colleagues D. partners C. considered D. described C. character

D. power D. comments D. addicted D. holding D. provided D. give out D. influence D. undoubted D. ugly D. speak

C. mentioned D. showed C. forced C. learning C. intended C. bring out C. interrupt C. unwilling C. crazy C. listen

B. achievements C. results

C. adaptation D. growth C. permanent D. useful

17. A. unreasonable B. uncertain

C. continually D. occasionally

【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）B；（4）D；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）A；（9）D；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）A；（14）B；（15）B；（16）A；（17）C；（18）A；（19）D；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者讲述了自己的的经历。表明：成年人的认知能力并非下降，是因为我们往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区，去学习新的知识与技能。 （1）考查名词。A. hobby“爱好”；B. dream“梦想”；C. job“工作”；D. measure“措施”。作为爱好，我开始学习如何把绘画。故选A。

（2）考查形容词。A. perfect“完美的”；B. bright“明亮的”；C. dull“呆滞”；D. enjoyable“有趣的”。一切看起来都很枯燥。故选C。

（3）考查动词。A. taking“带走”；B. wasting“浪费”；C. putting“放”；D. getting“得到”。我的同事和朋友建议我不要把时间浪费在我不擅长的事情。故选B。

（4）考查动词。A. Count“重要”；B. Depend“依靠”；C. Congratulate“祝贺”；D. Focus“集中”。专注于你的日常工作。focus on固定短语，“集中于”。故选D。

（5）考查名词。A. friends“朋友”；B. teacher“老师”；C. colleagues“同事”；D. partners“伙伴”。找合适的老师来指导和激发我。故选B。

（6）考查动词。A. concluded“得出结论”；B. realized“意识到”；C. considered“考虑，认为”；D. described“描述”。我现在认为很好。故选C。

（7）考查名词。A. talent“ 才能”；B. spirit“精神”；C. character“角色”；D. power“力量”。今天，同样的朋友说我天生就拥有这个才能。故选A。

（8）考查动词。A. happened“发生”；B. found“发现”；C. mentioned“提及”；D. showed“展示”。同样的事情发生在我开始钢琴和唱歌课的时候。故选A。

（9）考查名词。A. suggestions“建议”；B. achievements“成就”；C. results“结果”；D.

comments“评论”。根据上文“Comments shifted from, ‘Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,’ to ‘You've got a musical gene.’”可知，这里指“评论”。这些评论源于长期以来的信念。故选D。

（10）考查动词。A. reported“报告”；B. attributed “把……归于”；C. forced“强迫”；D. addicted“沉溺”。它可以归结为天生的天赋。故选B。

（11）考查名词。A. failure“失败”；B. change“改变”；C. adaptation“适应”；D. growth“增长”。成年期关注认知衰退，而不是增长。故选D。

（12）考查动词。A. catching“抓住”；B. arranging“安排”；C. learning“学习”；D. holding“容纳”。最近的一些研究表明学习新的技能，比如摄影。故选C。

（13）考查形容词。A. important“重要的”；B. flexible“灵活的”；C. permanent“永久的”；D. usefu“l有用的”。认知下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童更少。故选A。 （14）考查动词。A. prepared“准备”；B. compared“比较”；C. intended“打算”；D. provided“提供”。认知下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童更少。故选B。 （15）考查动词短语。A. break out“爆发”；B. figure out“想出”；C. bring out“拿出”；D. give out“分发”。如果我们能弄清楚，作为成年人如何去学的很好。故选B。

（16）考查动词。A. prevent“阻止”；B. master“掌握”；C. interrupt“打断”；D. influence“影响”。那么也许我们可以防止认知衰退。故选A。

（17）考查形容词。A. unreasonable“不合理的”；B. uncertain“不确定的”；C. unwilling“不情愿的”；D. undoubted“无疑的”。成年人往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区。故选C。

（18）考查形容词。A. stupid“愚蠢的”；B. upset“心烦的”；C. crazy“疯狂的”；D. ugly“丑陋的”。我们害怕犯错会看起来很笨。故选A。

（19）考查副词。A. clearly“清楚地”；B. presently“目前”；C. continually“连续地”；D. occasionally“偶尔地”。我目前正处于“听和咿呀学语”的阶段。故选B。

（20）考查动词。A. write“写”；B. read“读”；C. listen“听”；D. speak“说”。但我希望有一天我能流利地说德语。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。